Crisis intervention strategies

Gilliland, Burl E. (Author). James, Richard K., 1942- (Added Author).

Summary: Authoritative and based on the authors' extensive personal experience in crisis intervention and teaching crisis intervention courses, Crisis Intervention Strategies, 7th Edition presents the latest skills and techniques for handling real crisis situations. The author's new model clearly illustrates and elucidates the process of dealing with people in crisis: Predispositioning/Engaging/Initiating contact, Problem Exploration/Defining the Crisis, Providing Support, Ensuring Client Safety, Examining Alternatives, Planning to Re-establish Control, Obtaining Commitment, and Follow-up. Using this model, the author then builds specific strategies for handling a myriad of different crisis situations, accompanied in many cases with the dialogue that a practitioner might use when working with the individual in crisis. This text demonstrates crisis intervention techniques for students who must not only understand the theoretical underpinnings of crisis intervention theories, but also apply them in crisis situations.

Record details

ISBN: 9781111186777 (hardback)
ISBN: 1111186774 (hardback)
ISBN: 9781111770617 (advantage loose-leaf edition)
ISBN: 1111770611 (advantage loose-leaf edition)
Physical Description: print
xxi, 730 pages ; 26 cm.
Edition: Seventh edition.
Publisher: Belmont, CA : Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, [2013]

Content descriptions

General Note:	Gilliland's name appears first on the earlier editions.
Bibliography, etc. Note:	Includes bibliographical references and index.
Formatted Contents Note:	gpt. I Basic Training: Crisis Intervention Theory and Application -- ch. 1 Approaching Crisis Intervention -- Brief History of Crisis Intervention -- Grassroots Movements -- Importance of Volunteerism -- Need for Institutionalism -- Media and the Societal Impetus for Crisis Intervention -- Case Against Too Much "Helping" -- Definitions of Crisis -- Individual Crisis Definitions -- Behavioral Emergencies -- Systemic Crisis Definitions -- Metastasizing Crisis -- Characteristics of Crisis -- Transcrisis States -- Transcrisis Differentiated From Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -- Transcrisis Points -- Theories of Crisis and Crisis Intervention -- Basic Crisis Intervention Theory -- Expanded Crisis Theory -- Applied Crisis Theory -- Crisis Intervention Models -- Equilibrium Model -- Cognitive Model -- Psychosocial Transition Model -- Developmental-Ecological Model -- Contextual-Ecological Model -- Psychological First Aid -- ACT Model -- Eclectic Crisis Intervention Theory -- Characteristics of Effective Crisis Workers -- Life Experiences -- Personal Characteristics -- Rewards -- Summary -- References -- ch. 2 Culturally Effective Helping -- Multicultural Perspectives in Crisis Intervention -- Culturally Biased Assumptions -- Universal Versus Focused Views -- Working on the Individualist/Collectivist--High/Low Context Continuum -- Emic Versus Etic Models of Multiculturalism -- Awareness of Both Ecology and Multicultural Competencies -- Shortcomings of a Multiculturalist Approach to Crisis Intervention -- Culturally Effective Helping -- Positive Aspects of an Effective Multicultural Counselor -- When in Rome, Italy...or Georgia -- Language Barriers -- Religion and Spirituality -- Support Systems -- Occupation as a Cultural Barrier -- Geographic Locale as a Cultural Barrier -- Dilemma of Local Consultation -- Necessity of Acting -- Training -- Where It Stands Now...Sorta -- Summary -- References -- ch. 3 Intervention and Assessment Models -- Introduction -- Hybrid Model of Crisis Intervention -- Task 1 Predispositioning/Engaging/Initiating Contact -- Task 2 Problem Exploration: Defining the Crisis -- Task 3 Providing Support -- Default Task: Safety -- Task 4 Examining Alternatives -- Task 5 Planning in Order to Reestablish Control -- Task 6 Obtaining Commitment -- Task 7 Follow-up -- Assessment in Crisis Intervention -- Assessing the Severity of Crisis -- ABCs of Assessing in Crisis Intervention -- Triage Assessment System -- Triage Assessment Form -- Alternate Forms of the TAF -- Psychobiological Assessment -- Assessing the Client's Current Emotional Functioning -- Assessing Alternatives, Coping Mechanisms, and Support Systems -- Assessing for Suicide/Homicide Potential -- Summary -- References -- ch. 4 Tools of the Trade -- Introduction -- Listening in Crisis Intervention -- Open-Ended Questions -- Closed-Ended Questions -- Restatement and Summary Clarification -- Owning Feelings -- Facilitative Listening -- Basic Strategies of Crisis Intervention -- Climate of Human Growth -- Communicating Empathy -- Communicating Genuineness -- Communicating Acceptance -- Acting in Crisis Intervention -- Directive Counseling -- Collaborative Counseling -- Nondirective Counseling -- Action Strategies for Crisis Workers -- Summary -- References -- ch. 5 Crisis Case Handling -- Handling Crisis Cases Versus Long-Term Cases -- Case Handling at Walk-In Crisis Facilities -- Types of Presenting Crises -- Case Handling at a Community Mental Health Clinic -- Police and Crisis Intervention -- Changing Role of the Police -- Police and the Mentally Ill/Mentally Disturbed -- Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Program -- Transcrisis Handling in Long-Term Therapy -- Anxiety Reactions -- Regression -- Problems of Termination -- Crisis in the Therapy Session -- Psychotic Breaks -- People With Borderline Personality Disorder -- Counseling Difficult Clients -- Ground Rules for Counseling Difficult Clients -- Confronting Difficult Clients -- Confidentiality in Case Handling -- Principles Bearing on Confidentiality -- Intent to Harm and the Duty to Warn -- Summary -- References -- ch. 6 Telephone and Online Crisis Counseling -- Case Handling on Telephone Crisis Lines -- Telephone Counseling Strategies -- Making Psychological Contact -- Defining the Problem -- Ensuring Safety and Providing Support -- Looking at Alternatives and Making Plans -- Obtaining Commitment -- Errors and Fallacies -- Regular, Severely Disturbed, and Abusive Callers -- Understanding the Regular Caller's Agenda -- Handling the Severely Disturbed Caller -- Other Problem Callers -- Handling the Problem Callers -- Hotlines -- Internet's Growing Role in Crisis Intervention -- Behavioral Telehealth -- Appeal of Online Counseling -- Problems of Online Counseling -- Netiquette -- Predispositioning -- Need for Training -- Virtual Reality -- Legal, Ethical, and Moral Issues of Telephone and Internet Counseling -- Does It Work? -- Summary -- References -- pt. II Handling Specific Crises: Going Into the Trenches -- ch. 7 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -- Background -- Dynamics of PTSD -- Diagnostic Categorization -- Complex PTSD -- Conflicting Diagnoses -- Question of Preexisting Psychopathology -- Physiological Responses -- Affective-State-Dependent Retention -- Children and Neuropathology -- Incidence, Impact, and Trauma Type -- Incidence -- Residual Impact -- Importance of Trauma Type -- Vietnam: The Archetype -- Intrusive-Repetitive Ideation -- Denial/Numbing -- Increased Nervous Symptom Arousal -- Dissociation -- Family Responses -- Maladaptive Patterns Characteristic of PTSD -- Traumatic Wake of Iraq and Afghanistan -- Comprehensive Solider Fitness Program -- Treatment of Adults -- Assessment -- Phases of Recovery -- Importance of Acceptance -- Risks of Treatment -- Multiphasic/Multimodal Treatment -- Psychotropic Medication -- Individual Intervention -- Emergency/Outcry -- Extinguishing Intrusive Images -- Numbing/Denial -- Reflection and Transition -- Integration -- Group Treatment -- Support Groups -- Life Adjustment Group -- Family Treatment -- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) -- Controversy Over EMDR -- EMDR Therapy -- Children and PTSD -- Support Systems -- Types of Trauma -- Etched Memories -- Developmental Issues -- Other Responses to Type I Trauma -- Type II Traumas -- Intervention Strategies -- Therapy -- Moving Beyond the Trauma -- Summary -- References -- ch. 8 Crisis of Lethality -- Background -- Scope of the Suicide Crisis -- Suicide and the Moral Dilemma -- Dynamics of Suicide -- Psychological Theories -- Sociological Theory -- Interpersonal Theory -- Existential-Constructivist Framework -- Other Explanations -- Characteristics of People Who Commit Suicide -- Similarities Between Suicide and Homicide -- Analyzing Suicide/Homicide Notes/Videos -- Myths About Suicide -- Assessment -- Suicide Clues -- Assessment Instruments -- Clinical Interview -- Using the Triage Assessment Form in Addressing Lethality -- Intervention Strategies -- Three I's -- Older Adults -- Guidelines for Family, Friends, and Associates -- Psychological Autopsy -- Postvention -- Losing a Client to Suicide -- Summary -- References -- ch. 9 Sexual Assault -- Scope of the Problem -- Underreporting -- Unique Situation of Sexual Abuse/Rape Survivors -- Defining Rape -- Dynamics of Rape -- Social/Cultural Factors -- Personal and Psychological Factors -- Myths About Rape -- Date and Acquaintance Rape -- Date Rape Risk -- Preventing Date, Acquaintance, and Other Forms of Rape -- Intervention Strategies for Rape and Battery: The Case of Melody -- Immediate Aftermath -- Following Three Months -- Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse -- Psychological Trauma and Sequelae -- False Memories -- Intervention Strategies for Adult Survivors: The Case of Heather -- Assessment -- Treatment of Adults -- Discovery and Admission -- Grounding -- Validation -- Extinguishing Trauma -- Prolonged Exposure/Cognitive Restructuring -- Grief Resolution -- Support Groups for Adult Survivors -- Sexual Abuse in Childhood -- Dynamics of Sexual Abuse in Childhood -- Dynamics of Sexual Abuse in Families -- Phases of Child Sexual Abuse -- Intervention Strategies With Children -- Assessment -- Therapeutic Options -- Need for Affirmation and Safety -- Regaining a Sense of Control -- Education -- Assertiveness Training -- Intervention Strategies for Child Sexual Abuse: The Case of Elizabeth -- Disclosure -- Immediate Aftermath -- Prosecuting the Perpetrator -- Interviewing the Child -- Preparing the Child for Testimony -- Aftermath -- Counseling -- Group Counseling -- Boundary Issues -- Group Support Work With Nonoffending Parents -- Preventing Revictimization -- Individual Counseling -- Summary -- References -- ch. 10 Partner Violence -- Incidence of Partner Violence -- Emerging Approaches to Partner Violence -- Dynamics of Partner Violence -- Psychosocial and Cultural Dynamics -- Psychological Factors -- Stressors -- Myths About Battering -- Profiling the Batterer -- Cycle of Violence -- Realities for Abused Women -- Intervention Strategies -- Assessment -- Components of Intervention -- Shelters -- Counseling Women at Shelters -- Follow-Up -- Intervention With Children -- Courtship Violence -- Stalking -- Gay and Lesbian Violence --